{"id":4409,"date":"2013-11-13T23:50:57","date_gmt":"2013-11-13T21:50:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mixmotor.eu\/?p=4409"},"modified":"2015-07-29T12:52:27","modified_gmt":"2015-07-29T10:52:27","slug":"downsizing-pekny-nazov-bez-vyznamu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mixmotor.eu\/de\/4409\/downsizing-pekny-nazov-bez-vyznamu","title":{"rendered":"Downsizing motor- pekn\u00fd n\u00e1zov bez v\u00fdznamu?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Upozr\u0148ujem, \u017ee \u010dl\u00e1nok ma iba informat\u00edvny charakter a\u00a0jeho \u00fa\u010delom nie je zosmie\u0161\u0148ova\u0165 automobilov\u00e9 zna\u010dky, alebo posudzova\u0165 technol\u00f3giu, ktor\u00fa vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa!<\/p>\n

V poslednej dobe sa stret\u00e1vame u\u017e u v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny automobiliek s tzv. downsizingom, teda zni\u017eovan\u00edm objemu spalovac\u00edch motorov. Ak si niekto mysl\u00ed, \u017ee zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm objemu sa zn\u00ed\u017ei aj spotreba, tak ho tento \u010dl\u00e1nok nepote\u0161\u00ed v niektor\u00fdch smeroch.
\nTechnol\u00f3gia zni\u017eovania objemov a navy\u0161ovania v\u00fdkonov motorov je prebrat\u00e1 z r\u00f4znych motor\u0161portov\u00fdch s\u00fa\u0165a\u017e\u00ed. Napr\u00edklad tak\u00e9 rally WRC, kde aut\u00e1 maj\u00fa objem benz\u00ednov\u00fdch motorov 1,6 litra a dostan\u00fa zo seba 223kW pri 6.000ot\/min. Tu je ale cel\u00fd kl\u00fa\u010d ku tejto problematike.\u00a0Vr\u00e1tane toho \u017ee pri s\u00fa\u0165a\u017een\u00ed sa nehlad\u00ed na spotrebovan\u00e9 palivo a na v\u00fddr\u017e motora, je v\u0161etko vynikaj\u00face.
\nV be\u017enom \u017eivote ale \u013eudia kupuj\u00fa n\u00edzkoobjemov\u00e9 motory v domnen\u00ed, \u017ee motor 1,6 m\u00e1 v\u00fdkon 77kW a to je \u00faplne posta\u010duj\u00face. Na \u010do predsa ve\u013ek\u00fd objem, napr. 2-liter s v\u00fdkonom 135kW, \u017ee?<\/p>\n

\u0160koda n\u00e1m pom\u00f4\u017ee pri vysvetlen\u00ed v\u00fdkonu a objemu motora.<\/p>\n

\"motory<\/p>\n

Vlavo m\u00e1me naftov\u00fd motor 1,6l a vpravo je to 2,0l. \u010cerven\u00e9 krivky predstavuj\u00fa v\u00fdkon motora a na spodnej \u010diare s\u00fa ot\u00e1\u010dky motorov. Ak chcem \u00eds\u0165 s motorom 1,6 na 77kW, \u010do je jeho \u0161pi\u010dka, mus\u00edm motor vyto\u010di\u0165 a\u017e na 3.000ot\/min. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee reakcie motora s\u00fa dlh\u00e9 a pri 3.000 ot\u00e1\u010dkach u\u017e motor aj d\u00e1 vedie\u0165 o svojom hlade.
\nMotor 2,0l taktie\u017e vyto\u010d\u00edm tak, aby som dostal\u00a077kW (aby som bol\u00a0spravodliv\u00fd). Tu ich dostanem ale u\u017e pri pribli\u017ene\u00a01.800 ot\/min. S\u00edce v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed objem motora, ale to\u010d\u00ed o 1200 ot\u00e1\u010dok menej a teda aj jeho apet\u00edt je men\u0161\u00ed. Nehovoriac o hluku ktor\u00fd vyd\u00e1 pri tak\u00fdchto n\u00edzkych ot\u00e1\u010dkach.
\nOkrem toho ak logicky zv\u00e1\u017eime, \u017ee oba motory s\u00fa roben\u00e9 so z\u00e1rukou\u00a0do 100.000km, tak predpoklad\u00e1me, \u017ee v\u00fdrobca r\u00e1tal s t\u00fdm, \u017ee dvojlitrov\u00fd motor sa bude vyt\u00e1\u010da\u0165 na \u0161pi\u010dku, teda 3.500 a\u017e 4000 ot\/min a jeho mechanick\u00e9 \u010dasti to musia vydr\u017ea\u0165. Tak isto predpoklad\u00e1me, \u017ee motor s men\u0161\u00edm objemom 1,6l je stavan\u00fd na to, aby vydr\u017eal v ot\u00e1\u010dkach na \u0161pi\u010dke svojho v\u00fdkonu 3.000 a\u017e 4.000 ot\/min. Ak v\u0161ak viacobjemov\u00fd motor budem pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 v oblasti 77kW(\u010do plneposta\u010duje pre be\u017enu prem\u00e1vku po pozemn\u00fdch komunik\u00e1ciach), tak sa pohybujem v ove\u013ea ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch ot\u00e1\u010dkach a teda aj mechanick\u00e9 \u010dasti motora vydr\u017eia dlh\u0161ie. Vr\u00e1tane lo\u017e\u00edsk, olejovej pumpy, vodnej pumpy a hlavne turbod\u00fachadla. Preto\u017ee dne\u0161n\u00e9 turb\u00e1 musia tla\u010di\u0165 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie mno\u017estvo vzduchu pri vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch ot\u00e1\u010dkach do valcov, aby vyvodil v\u00fdkon motora ako by mal objem 5 litrov.<\/p>\n

Skuto\u010dnos\u0165 je, \u017ee n\u00edzkoobjemov\u00fd motor m\u00e1 rozumn\u00fa spotrebu v obci, ur\u010dite ni\u017e\u0161iu ako ve\u013ekoobjemov\u00fd. Nie v\u0161ak mimo obce a na dialnici, kde potrebujem motor u\u017e vyhna\u0165 do ot\u00e1\u010dok, aby som sa dostal nad r\u00fdchlos\u0165\u00a0 mal\u00e9ho sk\u00fatra. To ist\u00e9 plat\u00ed v pr\u00edpade, \u017ee idem s plne nalo\u017een\u00fdm autom. \u010ci n\u00e1kladom, \u010di osobami (kil\u00e1 ako kil\u00e1), popr\u00edpade s pr\u00edvesn\u00fdm vozidlom a do kopca. V takom pr\u00edpade n\u00e1m pom\u00e1ha kr\u00fatiaci moment (na diagramoch modr\u00e9 \u010diary). Op\u00e4\u0165 sa pozrime na diagram: 250Nm je \u0161pi\u010dka 1,6 litra a to nadobudne a\u017e pri 1.500ot\/min, kde\u017eto 2-liter m\u00e1\u00a0pri t\u00fdch ist\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dkach o cel\u00fdch 100Nm viac, \u010do rob\u00ed mnoho.<\/p>\n

V neposlednom rade sa dnes pozer\u00e1 aj na servis a je teda na zv\u00e1\u017eanie, ktor\u00fd motor vyhovuje V\u00e1m. Bude to n\u00edzkoobjemov\u00fd motor ktor\u00fd budem vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 na\u00a090% v obciach, alebo to bude ve\u013ekoobjemov\u00fd motor na jazdu po dialnici?<\/p>\n

Autor: Vladislav Baniari<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Upozr\u0148ujem, \u017ee \u010dl\u00e1nok ma iba informat\u00edvny charakter a\u00a0jeho \u00fa\u010delom nie je zosmie\u0161\u0148ova\u0165 automobilov\u00e9 zna\u010dky, alebo posudzova\u0165 technol\u00f3giu, ktor\u00fa vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa! V poslednej dobe sa stret\u00e1vame u\u017e u v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny automobiliek s tzv. downsizingom, teda zni\u017eovan\u00edm objemu spalovac\u00edch motorov. Ak si niekto mysl\u00ed, \u017ee zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm objemu sa zn\u00ed\u017ei aj spotreba, tak ho tento \u010dl\u00e1nok nepote\u0161\u00ed v niektor\u00fdch smeroch. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3942,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[442,22,443,444],"class_list":["post-4409","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dokumentarne","tag-downsizing","tag-motor","tag-nizkoobjemovy","tag-velkoobjemovy"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"de","enabled_languages":["sk","en","de"],"languages":{"sk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixmotor.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4409","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixmotor.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixmotor.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixmotor.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixmotor.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4409"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/mixmotor.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4409\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13520,"href":"https:\/\/mixmotor.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4409\/revisions\/13520"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixmotor.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3942"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mixmotor.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4409"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixmotor.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4409"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mixmotor.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4409"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}